MANN-FILTER · HD / WD Hydraulic · inline line
HD55/3 filter element: specifications & equivalents
The HD55/3 is a MANN-FILTER inline-line hydraulic filter element, sized 47 × 114 mm OD × length (ID 24 mm). Verify against the current manufacturer data sheet before ordering.
Envelope OD × L 47 × 114 mm
Inside diameter 24 mm
Line type inline
Catalog verified. Parameters extracted from the manufacturer’s electronic
catalog / official interchange document and checked 2026-09-28. Confidence score 0.92.
Dimensions and comparison numbers are taken from the MANN-FILTER online catalog API. Beta rating, collapse pressure and seal material vary by execution — verify against the current MANN data sheet before ordering.
Specification table
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Filter type | inline line |
| Outside diameter OD | 47 mm |
| Inside diameter ID | 24 mm |
| Length | 114 mm |
| End caps | open-ended cartridge element |
| Integral bypass valve | none (housing/valve-dependent) |
| Manufacturer part no. | HD55/3_MANN-FILTER |
| Source catalog | MANN+HUMMEL / MANN-FILTER: MANN-FILTER online product catalog GraphQL API (mann-filter.com, store pcat_mf_en_store_en) |
| Last verified | 2026-09-28 |
Sources: MANN+HUMMEL / MANN-FILTER — MANN-FILTER online product catalog GraphQL API (mann-filter.com, store pcat_mf_en_store_en) — accessed 2026-09-27.
MANN-FILTER® and all model designations are trademarks of their respective owners, used here for identification only — ElementRef is an independent reference site, not an authorized MANN-FILTER distributor.
Dimensions & series range
| Outside diameter | 47 mm (1.850 in) |
| Inside diameter | 24 mm (0.945 in) |
| Overall length | 114 mm (4.488 in) |
Cross references & equivalents
| Equivalent model | Brand | Match level | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
|
↔ 01262450 page in verification queue | UFI | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 012 - 62/450 (HYDAC) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ 05.9020.3VG.10.E.P.4 | Eaton / Internormen | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 05.9020.3VG.10.E.P.4 (INTERNORMEN) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 10704D03BN page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 10704 D 03 BN (HYDAC) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ 1.07.04 D 03 BN4 | HYDAC | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 10704 D 03 BN 4 (HYDAC) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 14560403V page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 14560403V (UFI) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 169020H3LL115RP page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 1.69020 H3LL115RP (EPPENSTEINER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 169020RH3SLE000P page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 169020RH3SLE000P (EPPENSTEINER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 2902L03B04 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 2902L03B04 (SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 301061 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 301061 (INTERNORMEN) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 3902GGCB04 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 3902GGCB04 (SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ 57864 | WIX Filters | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 57864 (WIX) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 70522751B page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 70522751/B (MAHLE INDUSTRIEFILTER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 7808397 page in verification queue | UFI | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 780 8397 (MAHLE INDUSTRIEFILTER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 8902L03B04 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 8902L03B04 (SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 891011SMX3NBR page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 891 011 SMX3 NBR (MAHLE INDUSTRIEFILTER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 902043UM page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 902043UM (TRIBOGUARD) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ 925582Q | Parker | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 925582 Q (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 928935 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 928935 (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ 93132168 page in verification queue | UFI | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists 931 32168 (MAHLE INDUSTRIEFILTER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ BE9020403A page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists BE9020403A (BEHRINGER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ CCH152FT1 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists CCH152FT1 (SOFIMA) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ CF9201A03NA page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists CF 9201 A03 NA (FAI FILTRI) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ CH152FT11 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists CH 152 FT11 (SOFIMA) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ CH152FT12 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists CH 152 FT12 (SOFIMA) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ D111G03A page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists D111G03A (FILTREC) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ EPB12NFA page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists EPB 12-N-FA (UFI) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ FC7121Q003BS page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists FC 7121 Q003BS (FINN-FILTER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ G01370 page in verification queue | Parker | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists G01370 (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ G02745 page in verification queue | Parker | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists G02745 (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ G03443 page in verification queue | Parker | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists G03443 (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ G0403L page in verification queue | Parker | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists G0403L (ZINGA) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ G04342 page in verification queue | Parker | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists G04342 (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ GO1370Q page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists GO1370Q (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ H7119005 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists H71190-05 (ADR) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ H902004003BN page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists H9020 04003 BN (HYDAC) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ H90204003BN page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists H90204003BN (HYDAC) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ HC9020FCP4H | Pall | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HC 9020 FCP4H (PALL) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HC9020FDP4H page in verification queue | Pall | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HC 9020 FDP4H (PALL) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ HC9020FKP4H | Pall | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HC 9020 FKP4H (PALL) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ HC9020FKP4Z | Pall | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HC9020FKP4Z (PALL) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HC9020FUP4H page in verification queue | Pall | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HC 9020 FUP4H (PALL) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HEK8520106ASFG003LCB page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HEK85-20.106-AS-FG003-LC-B (IKRON) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ HF30383 | Fleetguard | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HF30383 (FLEETGUARD/CUMMINS FILTRATION) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ HF30383 | Fleetguard | partial | Fleetguard's online catalog lists HD553 as an interchange for HF30383. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ HF7040 | Fleetguard | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HF7040 (FLEETGUARD/CUMMINS FILTRATION) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HHC01904 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HHC01904 (IKRON) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HI204667 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HI2.04667 (F.B.N.) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ HP0652A03ANP01 | MP Filtri | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HP0652A03ANP01 (MP FILTRI) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HP0652A03ANP99 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HP0652A03ANP99 (MP FILTRI) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HP0652A03NA page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HP0652A03NA (MP FILTRI) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HP20L43MB page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HP20L43MB (HY-PRO) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ HY20502 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists HY 20 502 (SCHUPP / SF FILTER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ LH4233 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists LH4233 (LUBER-FINER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ LHX95106 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists LHX9-5106 (LUBER-FINER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ M1A03NA page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists M1A03NA (MP FILTRI) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ P165041 page in verification queue | Donaldson | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists P165041 (DONALDSON) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ P169429 page in verification queue | Donaldson | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists P169429 (DONALDSON) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ P566195 | Donaldson | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists P566195 (DONALDSON) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ P9020D04N2003 page in verification queue | Donaldson | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists P 9020 D04N 2 003 (COMEX) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ P9020D04N2003EPDM page in verification queue | Donaldson | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists P 9020 D04N 2 003 EPDM (COMEX) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ P9020D04N3 page in verification queue | Donaldson | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists P 9020 D04N3 (COMEX) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ P9020D04N3EPDM page in verification queue | Donaldson | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists P 9020 D04N3 EPDM (COMEX) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ PR3443 page in verification queue | Parker | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists PR3443 (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ PR3443Q page in verification queue | Parker | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists PR3443Q (PARKER (PARKER HANNIFIN)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ PT23492-MPG | Baldwin Filters | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists PT23492-MPG (BALDWIN) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ R920H0403A page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists R920H0403A (FAIREY ARLON) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ SBF90204S1B page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SBF90204S1B (SCHROEDER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ SBF-9020-4Z3B | Schroeder Industries | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SBF90204Z3B (SCHROEDER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ SFH6195 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SFH6195 (SURE FILTER) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ SGO1370FT11 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SGO 1370 FT11 (SOFIMA) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ SH57090 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SH 57090 (HIFI-FILTER (JURA FILTRATION)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ SH63926 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SH 63926 (HIFI-FILTER (JURA FILTRATION)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ SH87114 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SH 87114 (HIFI-FILTER (JURA FILTRATION)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ SH87114V page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SH 87114V (HIFI-FILTER (JURA FILTRATION)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ SH93338 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SH 93338 (HIFI-FILTER (JURA FILTRATION)) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ SP-010-E-03-B | STAUFF | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists SP-010E03B (STAUFF) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ V3041B1C03 | Eaton / Internormen | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists V3041B1C03 (VICKERS) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
| ↔ V3041V1C03 | Eaton / Internormen | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists V3041V1C03 (VICKERS) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ V3042B1C03 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists V3042 B1C03 (VICKERS) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
|
↔ WHY6811 page in verification queue | Aftermarket | partial | MANN-FILTER's online catalog lists WHY6811 (WISMET) as a comparison number for HD553. Envelope cross-reference; verify micron grade, collapse rating and seal configuration before substituting. |
Interchange levels: full catalog-confirmed drop-in · partial verify parameters · verify manual confirmation required. Links resolve to the equivalent model's specification page where available.
How the HD55/3 model number is decoded
- HD55/3MANN-FILTER hydraulic cartridge element part number.
- 114 mmElement height (H).
- 47 mmOuter diameter (A).
- 24 mmInner diameter (B).
Typical equipment & applications
- Replacement element for OEM hydraulic filter housings
Selection pitfalls — read before you substitute
- “10 µm nominal” and “12 µm at β1000” can describe the very same media — one is reported at β≥200, the other at β≥1000 per ISO 16889. Compare ratings at the same Beta test point, not just the printed micron number.
- Nitrile (NBR) seals are standard for mineral hydraulic oil but fail early in some phosphate-ester fluids and at sustained high temperature; verify seal compound against the fluid data sheet (fluorocarbon/Viton executions may be required).
- End-cap geometry and the number/position of O-rings block interchange even when OD and length match — visually compare end caps before fitting, especially with aftermarket cartridges.
Frequently asked questions
What are the dimensions of the HD55/3 filter element?
The published envelope is 47 mm OD × 114 mm length with a 24 mm inside diameter (1.850 × 4.488 in × 0.945 in ID). Confirm against the housing drawing before ordering.
What replaces the HD55/3 filter element?
80 partial match(es) requiring parameter review
How do I read the HD55/3 part number?
See the designation decoder above: each segment of HD553 encodes size, line type, filtration grade and media/collapse execution.
Is a same-envelope aftermarket element always a drop-in replacement?
No. Matching OD and length only proves the cartridge fits the bowl. End-cap style, seal compound, micron/Beta rating, collapse pressure and bypass configuration must also match; the table above tags every equivalent as full, partial or verify for exactly this reason.
How often should a hydraulic return-line element be replaced?
Replace at the housing manufacturer’s recommended differential-pressure setting (commonly signalled by a clogging indicator), or on a time-based service interval when no indicator is fitted — never wait for bypass to open continuously, because unfiltered oil then reaches the valves.
Other models in the HD / WD Hydraulic series
All 880 →Reviewed & verified by the ElementRef engineering desk against MANN+HUMMEL / MANN-FILTER on 2026-09-28. Read our editorial & correction policy.